Issue 27
The Public Health Newsletter of the CRC for Water Quality and Treatment
September 2002
In this Issue:

US EPA Reviews Total Coliform Rule
Cryptosporidium Alerts For Scotland
Waterborne Disease Website Launched
Book Review
    Drinking Water and Infectious Disease:
    Establishing the Links

News Items
From the Literature
    Arsenic
    Birth Defects
    Bottled Water
    Cryptosporidium
    Fluoride
    Metals
    Nitrate
    Nosocomial Infections
    Norwalk-like Virus
    Recreational Water
    Risk Assessment
    Sodium
    Surveillance
    Uranium
    Water Disinfection
    Water Contaminants

Additional Articles

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Whilst every effort is made to reliably report the data and comments from the journal articles reviewed, no responsibility is taken for the accuracy of articles appearing in Health Stream, and readers are advised to refer to the original papers for full details of the research.


From the Literature

Arsenic

Assessment of cancer risk and environmental levels of arsenic in New Hampshire.
Karagas M R, Stukel T A and Tosteson T D. Int J Hyg Environ Health (2002) 205(1-2) p85-94.

Biological gradient between long-term arsenic exposure and carotid atherosclerosis.
Wang C H, Jeng J S, Yip P K, Chen C L, Hsu L I, Hsueh Y M, Chiou H Y, Wu M M and Chen C J. Circulation (2002) 105(15) p1804-9.

Birth defects

Chlorination byproducts and nitrate in drinking water and risk for congenital cardiac defects.
Cedergren M I, Selbing A J, Lofman O and Kallen B A J. Environ Res (2002) 89(2) p124-30.

Bottled Water

Microbiological safety of natural mineral water.
Leclerc H and Moreau A. FEMS Microbiol Rev (2002) 26(2 Special Issue SI) p207-22.

Cryptosporidium

Three drinking-water-associated cryptosporidiosis outbreaks, Northern Ireland.
Glaberman S, Moore J E, Lowery C J, Chalmers R M, Sulaiman I, Elwin K, Rooney P J, Millar B C, Dooley J S G, Lal A A and Xiao L H. Emerg Infect Dis (2002) 8(6) p631-3.

Cryptosporidium oocysts in a water supply associated with a cryptosporidiosis outbreak.
Howe A D, Forster S, Morton S, Marshall R, Osborn K S, Wright P and Hunter P R. Emerg Infect Dis (2002) 8(6) p619-24.

Fluoride

A blind caries and fluorosis prevalence study of school-children in naturally fluoridated and nonfluoridated townships of Morayshire, Scotland.
Stephen K W, Macpherson L M D, Gilmour W H, Stuart R A M and Merrett M C W. Commun Dent Oral Epidemiol (2002) 30(1) p70-9.

Esthetically objectionable fluorosis attributable to water fluoridation.
Griffin S O, Beltran E D, Lockwood S A and Barker L K. Commun Dent Oral Epidemiol (2002) 30(3) p199-209.

Metals

Metals in drinking water from new housing estates in the Sydney area.
Rajaratnam G, Winder C and An M. Environ Res (2002) 89(2) p165-70.

Nitrate

An ecologic study of nitrate in municipal drinking water and cancer incidence in Trnava District, Slovakia.
Gulis G, Czompolyova M and Cerhan J R. Environ Res (2002) 88(3) p182-7.

Nosocomial Infections

The hospital water supply as a source of nosocomial infections.
Anaissie E J, Penzak S R and Dignani M C. Arch Intern Med (2002) 162(13) p1483-92.

Norwalk-like virus

Waterborne outbreak of Norwalk-like virus gastroenteritis at a tourist resort, Italy.
Boccia D, Tozzi A E, Cotter B, Rizzo C, Russo T, Buttinelli G, Caprioli A, Marziano M L and Ruggeri F M. Emerg Infect Dis (2002) 8(6) p563-8.

Recreational Water

Predicted Public Health Consequences of Body-contact Recreation on a Potable Water Reservoir.
Stewart M H, Yates M V, Anderson M A, Gerba C P, Rose J B, De Leon R and Wolfe R. J AWWA (2002) 94(5) p84-97.

Risk Assessment

Effectiveness of different artificial neural network training algorithms in predicting protozoa risks in surface waters.
Neelakantan T R, Lingireddy S and Brion G M. J Environ Eng-ASCE (2002) 128(6) p533-42.

Sodium

Increased sodium concentrations in drinking water increase blood pressure in neonates.
Pomeranz A, Dolfin T, Korzets Z, Eliakim A and Wolach B. J Hypertens (2002) 20(2) p203-7.

Surveillance

Spatial patterns of diarrhoeal illnesses with regard to water supply structures - a GIS analysis.
Dangendorf F, Herbst S, Reintjes R and Kistemann T. Int J Hyg Environ Health (2002) 205(3) p183-91.

Uranium

Gastrointestinal absorption of uranium in humans.
Limson Zamora M, Zielinski J M, Meyerhof D P and Tracy B L. Health Phys (2002) 83(1) p35-45.

Water Disinfection

UV disinfection of Giardia lamblia cysts in water.
Linden K G, Shin G A, Faubert G, Cairns W and Sobsey M D. Environ Sci Technol (2002) 36(11) p2519-22.

Water Contaminants

A human health risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment.
Schulman L J, Sargent E V, Naumann B D, Faria E C, Dolan D G and Wargo J P. Hum Ecol Risk Assess (2002) 8(4) p657-80.


Additional Articles

Fungal flora in groundwater-derived public drinking water.
Gottlich, E., et al. International Journal of Hygiene & Environmental Health, 2002. 205(4): p. 269-279.

Pseudo-outbreak of Mycobacterium fortuitum on a human immunodeficiency virus ward: Transient respiratory tract colonization from a contaminated ice machine.
Gebo, K.A., et al.Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2002. 35(1): p. 32-38.

Domestic transmission routes of pathogens: the problem of in-house contamination of drinking water during storage in developing countries.
Jensen, P.K., et al. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 2002. 7(7): p. 604-609.

Case-control studies of sporadic cryptosporidiosis in Melbourne and Adelaide, Australia.
Robertson, B., et al. Epidemiology & Infection, 2002. 128(3): p. 419-431.

Association of very low birth weight with calcium levels in drinking water.
Yang, C.Y., et al. Environmental Research, 2002. 89(3): p. 189-194.

Cryptosporidium and Giardia in natural, drinking, and recreational water of Northwestern Greece.
Karanis, P., et al. Acta Hydrochimica et Hydrobiologica, 2002. 30(1): p. 49-58.

Trichloroacetic acid as a biomarker of exposure to disinfection by-products in drinking water: A human exposure trial in Adelaide, Australia.
Froese, K.L., M.I. Sinclair, and S.E. Hrudey. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2002. 110(7): p. 679-687.

Outbreak of leptospirosis among triathlon participants and community residents in Springfield, Illinois, 1998.
Morgan, J., et al. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2002. 34(12): p. 1593-1599.

Hospital-acquired legionellosis: solutions for a preventable infection.
Sabria, M. and V.L. Yu. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2002. 2(6): p. 368-373.